Lepra Type 1 Reaction
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Infection can lead to damage of the nerves respiratory tract skin and eyes.
Lepra type 1 reaction. Leprosy reactions are immunological reactions due to the changes in a patients immune status in response to mycobacterium leprae that may occur before during or even after the completion of multidrug therapy. Leprosy also known as hansens disease hd is a long term infection by the bacteria mycobacterium leprae or mycobacterium lepromatosis. There are type 1 leprosy reaction t1r or reversal reaction and type 2 leprosy reaction t2r also called erythema nodosum leprosum enl.
The most important causes of nerve damage are the acute episodes in the chronic course of the disease caused by changes in the host immune response against mycobacterium leprae antigenic determinants known as reactions. Cutaneous lupus erythematous or dle. Type 1 lepra reaction reversal reaction is characterized by the development of acute erythema and swelling of existing skin lesions or by the appearance of new lesions andor neuritis 1 2.
Type 1 is mediated by th1 cells and type 2 is mediated by th2 cells in lepra reaction type 1 there is widespread new lesions all over the body cause those ag ab reactions get deposited everywhere. The first occurs in borderline leprosy bl patients and the latter in lepromatous patients. 4 vasculonecrotic reactions lucio leprosy phenomenon in leprosy are much less common.
The treatment is similar to that of urticaria. Angioneurotic oedema or giant urticariait is an acute evanescent circumscribed oedema that usually affects the lips ear lobes and the mucous membranes of the mouth. Reversal reaction or lepra type 1 reaction is a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction that arises when borderline leprosy shifts toward borderline lepromatous leprosy with treatment.
These distinct conditions occur separately but may arise at different times in the same patient12 it is important to recognise that both these conditions can result in permanent loss of nerve function. Type 1 reversal and type 2 erythema nodosum leprosum reactions are the 2 main types of leprosy reactions which may affect 30 to 50 of all leprosy patients combined. Reactions in leprosy are acute inflammatory episodes occurring in an otherwise chronic course of the infection.
In type 2 the existing lesions become more pronounced more red. Redirected from lepra reaction type 1 for other uses see leprosy disambiguation. Differential diagnosis of type 1 reaction contd.
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